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NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC EXPLORER
(ISSN 1541-3357) is published seven times during the school year — September, October, November-December, January-February, March, April, May — by National Geographic Society, 1145 17th Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20036.
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DIGITAL CREDITS | COVER: CATHYKEIFER/ISTOCK/GETTY IMAGES. TOC: (BACKGROUND) THINKSTOCK/STOCKBYTE/GETTY IMAGES; (PLANT) PANEL REY/EYEEM/GETTY IMAGES; (VOLCANO VIDEO) RAINER ALBIEZ/SHUTTERSTOCK; (SCREWS) LASSE KRISTENSEN/ALAMY STOCK IMAGE; (LIGHTBULBS) BRIAN A JACKSON/SHUTTERSTOCK. EXTREME PLANTS: (VENUS FLYTRAP) PANEL REY/EYEEM/GETTY IMAGES; (CASTOR BEAN PLANT) GUENTER FISHER/IMAGEBROKER/ALAMY STOCK PHOTO; (CASTOR BEANS) TED KINSMAN/SCIENCE SOURCE; (GYMPIE-GYMPIE) © JURGEN FRUEND/NATUREPL.COM; (CORPSE PLANT) FADIL AZIZ/CORBIS DOCUMENTARY/GETTY IMAGES; (VENUS FLYTRAP WITH FLY)) MARCOULIANA/FOTOSEARCH LBRF/AGE FOTOSTOCK; (VENUS FLYTRAP VIDEO) SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY/IMAGE FILM BANK/GETTY IMAGES; (SINGLE VENUS FLYTRAP) DORLING KINDERSLEY/GETTY IMAGES; (RAFFLESIA WITH HAND) RADEK DETINSKU/AGE FOTOSTOCK; (RAFFLESIA FULL BLOOM) ARPAD BENEDEK/ISTOCK/GETTY IMAGES; (BAMBOO) PAUL STAROSTA/CORBIS DOCUMENTARY/GETTY IMAGES; LIVING WITH LAVA DOMES: (VOLCANIC SYSTEM) GABBY SALAZAR; (LAVA BACKGROUND) T.THINNAPAT/SHUTTERSTOCK; (GROCKE) ROSS DONIHUE; (SALAZAR AND DONIHUE) GABBY SALAZAR; (MAP) MAPPING SPECIALISTS, LTD; (HANDS WITH PUMICE AND ASH PLUME) GABBY SALAZAR; (SANTIAGUITO COMPLEX) ROSS DONIHUE; (VOLCANO ILLUSTRATION) STEVE MCCRACKEN; (EQUIPMENT BOTH) GABBY SALAZAR; (ERUPTING VOLCANO) WESTEND61 GMBH/ALAMY STOCK PHOTO; (VOLCANO VIDEO) NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC CREATIVE; (VOLCANO AND BRIDGE) GABBY SALAZAR; SOMETHING SCREWY GOING ON: (JARS) YINYANG/E+/GETTY IMAGES; (SCREWDRIVER AND SCREW) MARTIN POOLE/DIGITALVISION/GETTY IMAGES; (TWO SINGLE SCREWS) LASSE KRISTENSEN/ALAMY STOCK PHOTO; (LIGHTBULBS) BRIAN A JACKSON/SHUTTERSTOCK; (DOG IN DOGHOUSE) KICHIGIN/SHUTTERSTOCK; (TWO SCREWS) FATIH KOCYILDIR/SHUTTERSTOCK; (SCREWDRIVER VIDEO) STOCK FOOTAGE INC/DIGITALVISION/GETTY IMAGES; (SINGLE JAR) RTIMAGES/SHUTTERSTOCK; (SINGLE LIGHTBULB) SOMCHAI SOM/SHUTTERSTOCK; (DRILL VIDEO) SIMONKR/CREATAS VIDEO/GETTY IMAGES; (STAIRCASE) DAVID MUIR/PHOTOGRAPHER’S CHOICE/GETTY IMAGES; (ARCHIMEDES ILLUSTRATION) MORPHANT CREATION/SHUTTERSTOCK; (ACTIVITY) REBECCA HALE/NGS STAFF. EXPLORER CLASSROOM: REBECCA HALE/NGS STAFF.